Dosage and usage of veterinary drugs
1) The dosage of a drug refers to the amount of medication used in a single dose to achieve disease prevention and treatment effects, with units of grams, milligrams, milliliters, international units,%, and ppm.
1ppm=0.0001%=0.001g/kg=1mg/kg=1g/T=0.00045g/b
2) Individual dosage, expressed in kilograms of body weight, such as g/kg or mg/kg, is calculated based on the actual weight of the individual during medication.
3) Calculation of group dosage. Under intensive production conditions, group drug administration often adopts the method of mixing water or materials for drug administration. When mixed feeding or mixed water administration is used, due to the fact that the amount of water consumed is about twice the amount of food taken, the concentration of drugs added to the feed is twice the concentration of drugs in the water. In addition, attention should be paid to the conversion of the dosage per kilogram of body weight to the amount of mixed drinking, mixing, and addition.
4) Administration method:
Group administration:
① Mixed water administration: Firstly, it is necessary to understand the solubility of the drug in water; Secondly, the dosage of medication should be calculated based on the amount of water consumed. If the stability of medication in water is poor, the "thirst medication method" can be considered;
② Mixed feeding method: The drug is mixed into the feed for free consumption, but the drug and feed must be mixed evenly, and the incremental dilution method can be used;
③ Aerosol administration;
④ Disinfection with chickens: once a day in hot summer, once every 3-5 days in spring and autumn, and once a week in winter.
Individual administration:
① Oral administration: The advantages are safety, convenience, and economy, while the disadvantages are slow and irregular drug onset time. However, oral administration is not recommended in the following situations: if the animal is in a critical condition and cannot swallow or vomit, or if there is gastrointestinal disease that cannot be absorbed, or if the drug itself is easily damaged by gastrointestinal acid and alkali in the gastrointestinal tract, or if oral administration cannot obtain a certain effect of the drug, oral administration of magnesium sulfate can only have a purgative effect, and if sedative, injection is necessary.
② Injection administration: the advantages are that absorption is fast and complete, the dosage is accurate, and the effect is good. The disadvantages are that the operation is troublesome, and the requirements for sterility are high. If the injection equipment is not strictly sterilized, it can cause infection, and the injection part can cause pain. Injections include subcutaneous injection, intramuscular injection, intravenous injection, intrathecal injection, crop injection, arterial injection, articular capsule injection, breast injection, etc;
③ Local administration: wiping, powder spreading, wet compress, dripping, enema, inhalation, implantation, etc.
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